Saturday 27 September 2008

Melayu Sarawak

Sarawak yang terkenal dengan nama jolokannya Negeri Bumi Kenyalang mempunyai rakyat yang terdiri dari pelbagai suku kaum. Terdapat kira-kira 30 kumpulan etnik di Sarawak. Kaum Iban merupakan suku kaum yang terbesar di Sarawak, diikuti oleh kaum Cina, Melayu, Bidayuh, Melanau dan kaum-kaum etnik yang lain. Sebagai sebuah negeri yang mempunyai pelbagai bangsa dan suku kaum, sudah pasti terdapat pelbagai kebudayaan dan adat resam yang diamalkan. Bagi masyarakat Sarawak, adat resam merupakan satu warisan tradisi yang begitu dititikberatkan dan telah sebati dengan kehidupan seharian mereka. Maklumat berkaitan adat resam masyarakat etnik Melayu Sarawak akan saya fokuskan kepada aspek perkahwinan yang hanya merujuk kepada kaum Melayu di Sarawak.

MELAYU SARAWAK

Masyarakat Melayu merupakan 21% daripada keseluruhan populasi masyarakat di Sarawak. Kebanyakan mereka bekerja sebagai nelayan. Pada masa sekarang, ramai masyarakat Melayu sudah berpindah ke bandar di mana mereka telah melibatkan diri dalam pelbagai profesion sama ada di sektor awam atau swasta. Melayu Sarawak mempunyai kaitan rapat dengan masyarakat Melayu Brunei. Ketika zaman pemerintahan Brooke, masyarakat melayu Sarawak lebih dikenali sebagai The Bruneis.

Kebanyakan rumah di perkampungan Melayu Sarawak diperbuat daripada kayu dan kebanyakannya masih terletak di tepi sungai yang jauh daripada bandar atau pekan. Mereka masih bergantung kepada industri tradisional seperti mengukir kayu, perak dan membuat tenunan kain songket.

Masyarakat Melayu Sarawak adalah beragama Islam di mana Islam telah dibawa ke Asia sejak 1000 tahun dahulu. Agama Islam banyak mempengaruhi kehidupan masyarakat Melayu Sarawak terutama aspek kebudayaan dan kesenian. Bagi aspek pembinaan, kebanyakan rumah atau bangunan mempunyai simbol atau ciri-ciri keislaman. Begitu juga dengan adat resam perkahwinan yang sememangnya berlandaskan Islam.

Perkahwinan

Perkahwinan dalam masyarakat Melayu Sarawak mempunyai banyak persamaan dengan adat perkahwinan masyarakat Melayu di Semenanjung. Ia merangkumi adat merasi, merisik dan majlis perkahwinan.

Sebelum Perkahwinan

Merasi
Apabila seseorang pemuda berkeinginan untuk berkahwin, dia akan meminta ibu bapa untuk mencari pasangan untuknya. Ibu bapa pula akan menyerahkan tugas kepada pencari jodoh untuk mendapatkan calon yang sesuai sebagai menantu mereka. Pencari jodoh akan menjadi perantara bagi keluarga lelaki dan akan memberikan pendapatnya tentang seseorang gadis itu sama ada sesuai atau tidak.

Ngangin
Selepas merasi, wakil pihak lelaki akan membuat pertanyaan secara formal kepada keluarga pihak perempuan (kerisik kerimun) sama ada perempuan itu sudah berpunya ataupun tidak. Pihak perempuan akan meminta tempoh untuk membuat persetujuan.

Bertekul (Merisik)
Bertekul membawa makna yang sama dengan merisik dalam masyarakat Melayu sebelum majlis bertunang diadakan. Ia bergantung kepada kesediaan bakal pengantin untuk ditunangkan. Semasa adat bertekul ini, hantaran wang atau barang kemas seperti cincin emas atau berlian akan diberi kepada si gadis yang menandakan acara pertunangan akan diadakan (mereya).

Mereya ( Bertunang )
Semasa upacara pertunangan dilangsungkan, hantaran akan diberi oleh pihak lelaki melalui satu rombongan yang terdiri daripada sekumpulan ahli keluarga pihak lelaki. Antara hantaran yang diberi adalah duit, cincin tunang, persalinan, kasut, beg tangan dan lain-lain. Pihak perempuan akan membalas pemberian pihak lelaki. Pada kebiasaannya, hantaran pihak perempuan lebih banyak daripada pihak lelaki. Sekiranya terdapat saudara perempuan yang lebih tua (kakak) yang belum berkahwin (langkah batang), pihak lelaki mesti memberikan sebentuk cincin emas kepadanya.

Semasa Perkahwinan

Nikah

(A) Persediaan

Persediaan bagi majlis perkahwinan biasanya mengambil masa yang lama. Ia termasuk persediaan menempah kad jemputan, mencari mak andam dan sebagainya. Bagi majlis perkahwinan, mak andam adalah antara orang yang penting dalam menghias pengantin dan persediaan pelamin.

Dalam masyarakat Melayu Sarawak, upacara yang melibatkan agama adalah acara akad nikah, sementara yang bukan bersifat agama adalah acara bersanding, tepung tawar, berlulut dan makan nasi temuan.

Bergendang adalah acara keraian secara beramai-ramai yang mengambil masa selama tujuh hari tujuh malam. Majlis akad nikah biasanya diadakan sehari sebelum bersanding. Apabila akad nikah telah disempurnakan, pihak perempuan secara sah telah menjadi isteri kepada lelaki tersebut.

(B) Jenis-jenis nikah

Nikah benar
Perkahwinan yang mengikut lunas-lunas Islam atau mengikut adat seperti merisik dan bertunang dan ianya direstui oleh kedua-dua belah pihak.

Nikah salah
Berlaku apabila pasangan didapati berkelakuan sumbang dan mereka akan dipaksa untuk berkahwin. Upacara perkahwinan akan dijalankan dengan ringkas dan sederhana.

Nyerah diri
Berlaku apabila lelaki menyerah diri kepada keluarga perempuan kerana tidak mempunyai wang untuk menanggung perbelanjaan perkahwinan. Ianya melibatkan perempuan dari golongan berada dan lelaki yang tidak berkemampuan. Mereka akan dinikahkan secara sederhana dan perbuatan ini akan memalukan keluarga perempuan.

Ngekot
Berlaku apabila perempuan menyerah diri kepada keluarga lelaki dan mereka akan dikahwinkan. Ini bukan kerana masalah yang melibatkan wang tetapi kerana keluarga perempuan tidak merestui atau menerima pilihan anaknya.

Majlis Perkahwinan/Persandingan 

Pada waktu malam hari, iaitu sehari sebelum berlangsungnya majlis persandingan, upacara menepung tawar (berlulut) pengantin diadakan. Upacara berlulut ini juga adakalanya akan diikuti dengan upacara berpacar (berinai). Acara ini dimeriahkan lagi dengan acara pencak silat, gendang Melayu dan andai-andai atau tandak. Pengantin juga akan dimandikan oleh mak andam dalam acara mandi perantan yang diakhiri dengan berwudhu’.

Sebelum majlis persandingan diadakan, pengantin perempuan akan didandan dan dihias oleh mak andam yang dipilih untuk kelihatan cantik dan berseri. Pengantin dilarang melihat cermin semasa sedang diandam kerana dikhuatiri akan hilang seri pengantin. Antara pakaian persandingan pengantin perempuan yang biasanya dipakai adalah kebaya songket, gaun pengantin yang diperbuat daripada kain sutera bertekat benang emas dan Gajah Holen iaitu pakaian tradisional Melayu Sarawak. Pengantin lelaki pula biasanya akan mengenakan persalinan seperti seorang pahlawan atau pakaian haji (jubah putih atau hitam dan serban).

Sebelum rombongan lelaki berarak ke rumah pengantin perempuan, pihak pengantin perempuan akan menghantar tikar mengkuang (tikar ngambik pengantin) yang dibalut dengan tudung keringkam yang disulam dengan benang emas ke rumah pengantin lelaki. Penghantaran tikar mengkuang ini menandakan bahawa pihak perempuan sudah bersedia menerima kedatangan rombongan dari pihak lelaki.

Pengantin lelaki akan diarak dengan menggunakan kereta atau jong yang akan dimulai dengan membaca selawat sebanyak tiga kali dan diikuti dengan paluan hadrah. Setibanya di rumah pengantin perempuan, mereka akan disambut dengan acara pencak silat (silat kapak) sebagai pembuka pintu.

Pengantin lelaki akan dibawa masuk ke rumah dan didudukkan di samping pengantin perempuan yang sedia menanti di atas pelamin yang telah dihias indah. Semasa majlis persandingan, upacara berjembak dijalankan di mana pengantin lelaki akan menyentuh dahi pengantin perempuan dengan ibu jarinya dan jejambak (tuala kecil yang wangi dan dilipat berbentuk bunga). Ianya bersamaan dengan adat membatalkan air sembahyang. Doa selamat dan selawat dibacakan untuk kedua-dua mempelai. Tepung tawar dilakukan dengan diiringi oleh paluan hadrah. Pengantin kemudiannya melakukan upacara turun naik tangga sebanyak tujuh kali.

Pada sebelah petang atau malam, makan nasi temuan diadakan. Ini bagi membiasakan pengantin dengan kehidupan berkeluarga dan sekaligus untuk menghilangkan rasa malu. Majlis makan nasi temuan ini dilakukan bersama ahli keluarga, sanak saudara dan sahabat handai.

Selepas Perkahwinan

Pada kebiasaannya, selepas tujuh hari majlis perkahwinan berlangsung, adat menziarah ke rumah mentua oleh pengantin perempuan dilakukan. Adat ini juga dikenali sebagai mengundang menantu. Dalam majlis ini, ibu mentua akan menghadiahkan lapit kaki atau hadiah perkahwinan seperti rantai emas atau berlian bagi menunjukkan penerimaan dan kegembiraannya kerana mendapat menantu perempuan yang baru.

Friday 26 September 2008

KepadaMu Kekasih...

KepadaMu Kekasih
Aku berserah
Kerana ku tahu
Kau lebih mengerti
Apa yang terlukis di cermin wajahku ini
Apa yang tersirat di hati
Bersama amali

KepadaMu Kekasih
Aku bertanya
Apakah Kau akan menerimaku kembali
Atau harus menghitung lagi
Segala jasa dan bakti
Atau harus mencampakku ke sisi
Tanpa harga diri

Hanya padaMu Kekasih
Aku tinggalkan
Jawapan yang belum ku temukan
Yang bakal aku nantikan
Bila malam menjemputku lena beradu

KepadaMu Kekasih
Aku serahkan
Jiwa dan raga
Jua segalanya
Apakah Kau akan menerima penyerahan ini
Apakah Kau akan menerimaku
Dalam keadaan begini


KepadaMu Kekasih (live) - M.Nasir



Lagu ini mengingatkan aku tentang kasih kepada Tuhan maha Esa....

Thursday 25 September 2008

Dublin, Ireland. Indah.....

Pada hujung minggu yang lalu, aku telah melawat Dublin, iaitu ibu negara kepada Ireland. Aku berada di sana selama 3 hari bermula dari 20/09/08 - 22/09/08. Aku menginap di rumah seorang kenalan terletak di tengah-tengah kesibukan bandaraya Dublin.

Dublin... Namanya tidak asing lagi sebagai antara sebuah Bandaraya yang paling tinggi kos sara hidupnya. Bayangkan kawan ku menyewa rumah 2 bilik dengan kos sewa sebulan 1400 Euro. Belum termasuk bil utilitinya lagi. Lebih mahal daripada apartment yang aku sewa di tengah-tengah bandaraya Manchester.

Saiz Dublin bukanlah besar sangat jika hendak dibandingkan dengan Manchester. Tetapi setiap pelusuk jalan rayanya dipenuhi dengan lautan manusia dari pelbagai bangsa dan negara. Tidak kurang juga ramainya komuniti melayu di sana. Ada yang sudah bekerja dan ada juga masih menuntut. Suasana di Dublin pada hari ketibaan amat meriah walaupun tiada majlis dan juga keramaian diraikan di sana.

Apa yang aku suka tentang Dublin ialah keramahan penduduk setempat. Di mana jua aku berada, penduduknya pasti melemparkan senyuman yang manis kepada si pengunjung. Bila tersesat jalan dan bertanya, pasti di jawab dengan lemah lembut loghat Irish yang amat berbeza sekali. Kekadang amat sukar juga aku memahami apa yang dipertuturkan Tidak lupa juga dengan kejelitaan wanita setempat Dublin dengan matanya laksana berlian yang menyinar, bibir halus yang merah seperti saga, kulit putih halus bak kertas yang belum tercoret apa-apa dan lenggok loghat Irishnya yang sedap telinga mendengar membuat saya lebih terpikat dengan Dublin. Terdetik juga di hati ku untuk berjodohkan seorang jelitawan Irish yang baik budi pekertinya.

Suasana bandarayanya yang terancang dan kemudahan awam yang disediakan lebih dari tahap baik. Bayangkan di Manchester "Tram"nya masih menggunakan gerabak yang lama. Namun di Dublin Tramnya seperti gerabak keretapi London Underground. Malah lebih baik daripada itu.

Fakta yang aku ketahui mengenai Dublin ialah kos bil air untuk penduduk seluruh Ireland semuanya ditanggung oleh Syarikat Guinness, iaitu syarikat yang menghasilkan minuman beralcohol yang kita ketahui sebagai Stout. Aku juga berkesempatan melawat kilang pertama Guinness yang terletak di pinggir bandaraya Dublin.

Banyak lagi tempat menarik yang aku lawati sepanjang 3 hari di Dublin. Apa yang aku amat suka tentang Dublin ialah kadar jenayah dan masalah sosial remaja yang rendah. Boleh dikatakan Dublin adalah bandaraya yang selamat didiami. Berbeza sekali dengan Manchester, di mana kadar jenayahnya tinggi. Saban hari ada saja terpampang di dada akhbar kisah remaja ditembak ataupun ditikam dengan pisau. Tidak kurang juga remaja yang bergelar Scally / Chav yang berpakaian tracksuit serba hitam dan bertutup kepala (Hoodie) berkeliaran di sana-sini sekitar Manchester mewujudkan suasana huru-hara.

Jikalau berkesempatan, akan ku lawati Dublin lagi. Malah jika rezeki aku di Dublin, mahu saja aku berpindah dan bekerja di sana.

Boleh disimpulkan kunjungan tersebut membuatkan aku jatuh cinta pandang pertama dengan Dublin......

A Brief Political History of Sarawak

Source: Wikipedia and The New Straits Times.

A one-time Satrapy (Duchy) of Brunei ruled by a son of the Sultan titled Datuk Patinggi (Prime Minister), Sarawak was acquired by the British in 1841 and gained Independence on August 31, 1963.

On September 16, 1963, Sarawak together with Sabah, Singapore and the 11 States of Malaya namely Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor, Pahang, Terengganu and Kelantan formed the Federation of Malaysia.

Sarawak, like Sabah and Singapore (which quit Malaysia in 1965) was a Special Autonomous State or Special Autonomous Region of Malaysia.

The struggle for Sarawak's Independence was spearheaded by six political parties, both multi-racial and otherwise.

They were the Sarawak Indigenous People's Front (Barjasa) led by Melanau chief Tun Abdul Rahman Yaakub and his nephew Tan Sri Abdul Taib Mahmud, the multi-ethnic but Iban-based Sarawak National Party (Snap) led by Tan Sri James Wong Kim Min and Iban leader Tan Sri Stephen Kalong Ningkan, the multi-ethnic but Chinese-based Sarawak United People's Party (Supp) led by Tan Sri Andrew Ong Kee Hui and Tan Sri Stephen Yong Kuet Tze, the Sarawak Chinese Association (SCA) led by Tan Sri Ling Beng Siew and his brother Datuk Seri Ling Beng Siong, the Sarawak Nationalist Party (Panas) led by Brunei chief Datuk Abang Mustapha Abang Moasili and the Sarawak Traditionalist People's Party (Pesaka) led by Iban chief Tun Jugah Barieng.

Barjasa, Panas, SCA, Pesaka, Supp and Snap had their origins in the anti-British movement which emerged in the 1840s under the leadership of Melanau chief Sharif Mashhor and his Brunei ally Abang Abdul Ghapur who was the Datuk Patinggi of Sarawak.

Another prominent leader of this movement was the Iban paramount chief Rentap.

The main Chinese leader in the movement was Liu Shanbang, the headman of Bau.

While the British suppressed this movement in a few years, it re-emerged in the 1930s and 1940s under the leadership of Datuk Patinggi Abang Abdillah, the descendant of Abang Abdul Ghapur, Sarawak's first Bahasa Malaysia journalist and novelist Rakawi Yusuf [of Brunei and Melanau descent from Kuching and Sibu], Melanau school teacher Rosli Dhoby and Iban government servant Robert Jitam.

[Robert Jitam was a relative of prominent Supp leader Datuk Ramsay Jitam.

Jugah was the father of veteran Pesaka and United Traditionalist Indigenous Party leader and prominent Iban businessman Datuk Seri Leonard Linggi Jugah and the grandfather of Kapit Member of Parliament Datuk Alexander Nanta Linggi.

Abang Mustapha was the father of former Defence Minister Datuk Abang Abu Bakar Mustapha.

Ong was a descendant of prominent Chinese leader of Kuching Ong Tian Swee. He was also a relative of fashion designer Ramsay Ong].

Berjasa and Panas merged in 1966 to become the Indigenous Party or Bumiputra. In 1974, Pesaka merged with Bumiputra to become the United Traditionalist Indigenous Party or PBB.

SCA eventually became part of Snap.

At Independence, Sarawak was led by State Governor Tun Abang Openg Abang Sapiee, a relative of Abang Abdillah and Chief Minister Ningkan, the Snap chief.

Tawi Sili, an Iban chief from Pesaka, took over the Chief Minister's post in 1966 after Ningkan was forced to resign under pressure from the Federal Government in Kuala Lumpur for his opposition to national-level policies.

In 1970, Abdul Rahman became Sarawak's third Chief Minister. He was succeeded upon his retirement in 1981 by Abdul Taib, who was largely responsible for modernising and industrialising the State.

Sarawak's capital Kuching was made a city in 1988.

In 1983, a new party emerged as a faction of Snap - the Sarawak Dayak Party (PBDS) led by the now-retired Federal Minister Tan Sri Leo Moggie Irok.

In 1987, a group of PBB dissidents led by Datuk Nor Tahir [a Brunei-Melanau leader from Sibu] left the party to form the Sarawak Malaysian People's Association (Permas).

In 2003, both Snap and PBDS split into two factions. One faction of Snap namely the Sarawak Progressive Democratic Party (SPDP) led by Datuk William Mawan Ikom and one faction of PBDS namely the Sarawak People's Party (PRS) led by Datuk James Masing were admitted into the ruling Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition led by Abdul Taib.

The rump of Snap led by Datuk Edwin Dundang and the rump of PBDS led by Datuk Seri Daniel Tajem (Moggie's close pal and chosen successor) became Opposition parties, like Permas which is now led by retired civil servant Datuk Abang Yusuf Puteh of Sri Aman.

Sarawak's 1.5 million people comprise 30% Ibans, 30% Chinese, 18% Melanaus [a quarter are Christian and the rest Muslim], 11% Bruneis (also called Malays), 8% Bidayuhs, 2% Kenyahs (and Kayans) and 1% Kelabits.

Thursday 18 September 2008

The Sound of Lonliness: Toni Takitani

Have you ever heard about Tony Takitani?

Tony Takitani's real name was really that: Tony Takitani. His dad is a Jazz musician.

Tony Takitani loved to draw, and he spent hours every day shut up in his room, doing just that. He especially loved to draw pictures of machines.
Keeping his pencil needle-sharp, he would produce clear, accurate, and highly detailed drawings of bicycles, radios, engines, and the like. If he drew a plant, he would capture every vein in every leaf. It was the only way he knew how to draw. His grades in art, unlike those in other subjects, were always outstanding, and he usually won first prize in school art contests.

So it was perfectly natural for Tony Takitani to go from high school to art school to a career as an illustrator. There was never any need for him to consider other possibilities. While the young people around him were agonizing over the paths they should follow in life, he went on doing his mechanical drawings without a thought for anything else. And, because it was a time when most young people were acting out against the establishment with passion and violence, none of his contemporaries saw anything of value in his utilitarian art. His art-school professors viewed his work with twisted smiles. His classmates criticized it as lacking in ideological content. Tony himself could not see what was so great about their work, with its ideological content. To him it looked immature, ugly, and inaccurate.

Once he graduated from college, though, everything changed for him.
Thanks to the extreme practicality of his realistic technique, Tony Takitani never had a problem finding work. No one could match the precision with which he drew complicated machines and architecture. "They look realer than the real thing," everyone said. His sketches were more detailed than photographs, and they had a clarity that made any explanation a waste of words. All of a sudden, he was the one illustrator everybody had to have.
And he took on everything - from the covers of automobile magazines to advertising illustrations. He enjoyed the work, and he made good money.
Without any hobbies to drain his resources, he managed by the time he was thirty-five to amass a small fortune. He bought a big house in Setagaya, an affluent Tokyo suburb, and he owned several apartments that brought him rental income. His accountant took care of all the details.

By this point in his life, Tony had been involved with several different women. He had even lived with one of them, for a short time. But he had never considered marriage, had never seen a need for it. Cooking, cleaning, and laundry he could manage for himself, and when his work interfered with those things he hired a housekeeper. He never felt a desire to have children. He lacked his father's special charm, and he had no real friends of the kind who would come to him for advice or to confess secrets, not even one to drink with. But he had perfectly normal relationships with people he saw on a daily basis. There was nothing arrogant or boastful about him. He never made excuses for himself or spoke slightingly of others, and just about everybody who knew him liked him. He saw his father no more than once every two or three years, on some matter of business. When the business was over, neither man had much to say to the other. Thus, Tony Takitani's life went by, quietly and calmly.

Then one day, without the slightest warning, Tony Takitani fell in love. She worked part time for a publishing company, and she came to his office to pick up an illustration. Twenty-two years old, she was a demure girl with a gentle smile. Her features were pleasant enough but, objectively speaking, she was no great beauty. Still, there was something about her that gave Tony Takitani's heart a violent punch. The moment he first saw her, his chest tightened, and he could hardly breathe. Not even he could say what it was about her that had struck him with such force.

The next thing that caught his attention was her clothes. He generally took no particular interest in what people wore, but there was something so wonderful about the way this girl dressed that it made a deep impression on him; indeed, one could even say it moved him. There were plenty of women around who dressed elegantly, and plenty more who dressed to impress, but this girl was different. Utterly different. She wore her clothes with such naturalness and grace that she could have been a bird that had enveloped itself in a special wind as it prepared to fly off to another world. He had never seen a woman wear her clothes with such apparent joy.

After she left, he sat at his desk, dazed, doing nothing until evening came and the room turned completely dark. The next day, he phoned the publisher and found some pretext to have her come to his office again. When their business was finished, he invited her to lunch. They made small talk as they ate. Though they were fifteen years apart in age, they found they had much in common, almost strangely so. They agreed on every topic. He had never had such an experience before, and neither had she. She was a little nervous at first, but she gradually relaxed, until she was laughing and talking freely.

"You really know how to dress," Tony said when they parted.

"I like clothes," she answered, with a bashful smile. "Most of my money goes on clothing."

They went on a few dates after that. They didn't go anywhere in particular, just found quiet places to sit and talk for hours - about their pasts, about their work, about the way they thought or felt about this or that. They never seemed to tire of talking. It was as if they were filling up each other's emptiness.

The fifth time they met, he asked her to marry him. But she had a boyfriend she had been seeing since high school. The relationship had become less than ideal with the passage of time, she admitted, and now they seemed to fight about the stupidest things whenever they met. In fact, seeing him was nowhere near as free and fun as seeing Tony Takitani, but, still, that didn't mean that she could simply break it off. She had her reasons, whatever they were. And, besides, there was that fifteen-year difference in age. She was still young and inexperienced. She wondered what that age gap might mean to them in the future. She said she wanted time to think.

Each day that she spent thinking was another day in hell for Tony Takitani.
He couldn't work. He drank, alone. Suddenly, his solitude became a crushing weight, a source of agony, a prison. I just never noticed it before, he thought. With despairing eyes, he stared at the thick, cold walls surrounding him and thought, “if she says she doesn't want to marry me, I might just kill myself”.

He went to see her and told her exactly how he felt. How lonely his life had been until then. How much he had lost over the years. How she had made him realize all that.

She was an intelligent young woman. She had come to like this Tony
Takitani. She had thought well of him from the start, and each meeting had only made her like him more. Whether she could call this "love" she didn't know. But she felt that he had something wonderful inside, and that she would be happy if she made her life with him. And so they married.

By marrying her, Tony Takitani brought the lonely period of his life to an end. When he awoke in the morning, the first thing he did was look for her. When he found her sleeping next to him, he felt relief. When she wasn't there, he felt anxious and searched the house for her. There was something odd for him about not feeling lonely. The very fact that he had ceased to be lonely caused him to fear the possibility of becoming lonely again. The question haunted him: What would he do? Sometimes this fear would make him break out in a cold sweat. As he became used to his new life, though, and the possibility of his wife's suddenly disappearing seemed to lessen, the anxiety gradually eased. In the end, he settled down and wrapped himself in his new and peaceful happiness.

One day, she said that she wanted to hear what kind of music her father-in law was making. "Do you think he would mind if we went to hear him?" she asked.

"Probably not," Tony said.

They went to a Ginza night club where Shozaburo Takitani was performing.
This was the first time that Tony Takitani had gone to hear his father play since childhood. Shozaburo was playing exactly the same music he had played in the old days, the same songs that Tony had heard so often on records when he was a boy. Shozaburo's style was smooth, elegant and sweet. It was not art, but it was music made by the skillful hand of a professional, and it could put a crowd in a good mood.

Soon, however, something began to constrict Tony Takitani's breathing, as though he were a narrow pipe that was filling quietly, but inexorably, with sludge, and he found it difficult to remain seated. He couldn't help feeling that the music he was hearing now was just slightly different from the music he remembered his father playing. He had heard it years ago, of course, and he had been listening with a child's ears, after all, but the difference, it seemed to him, was terribly important. It was infinitesimal but crucial. He wanted to go up onto the stage, take his father by the arm, and ask, "What is it, Father? What has changed?" But he did nothing of the sort. He would never have been able to explain what was in his mind. Instead, he stayed at his table until the end of his father's set, drinking much more than he usually did. When it was over, he and his wife applauded and went home.

The couple's married life was free of shadows. They never fought, and they spent many happy hours together, taking walks, going to movies, traveling. Tony Takitani's work continued as successfully as ever, and, for someone so young, his wife was remarkably capable at running their home. There was, however, one thing that did concern him somewhat, and that was her tendency to buy too many clothes. Confronted with a piece of clothing, she seemed incapable of restraint. A strange look would come over her, and even her voice would change. The first time he saw this happen, Tony Takitani thought that she had suddenly taken ill. He had noticed it before their marriage, but it wasn't until their honeymoon that it began to seem serious. She bought a shocking number of items during their travels around Europe.

In Milan and Paris, she went from boutique to boutique, morning to night, like one possessed. They did no sightseeing at all. Instead of the Duomo or the Louvre, they saw Valentino, Missoni, Saint Laurent, Givenchy, Ferragamo, Armani, Cerutti. Mesmerized, she swept up everything she could get her hands on, and he followed behind her, paying the bills. He almost worried that the raised digits on his credit card might wear down.

Her fever did not abate after they returned to Japan. She continued to buy new clothes nearly every day. The number of articles of clothing in her possession skyrocketed. To store them, Tony had several large armoires custom made. He also had a cabinet built for her shoes. Even so, there was not enough space for everything. In the end, he had an entire room redesigned as a walk-in closet. They had rooms to spare in their large house, and money was not a problem. Besides, she did such a marvellous job of wearing what she bought, and she looked so happy whenever she had new clothes, that Tony decided not to complain. Nobody's perfect, he told himself.

When the volume of her clothing became too great to fit into the special room, however, even Tony Takitani began to have some misgivings. Once, when she was out, he counted her dresses. He calculated that she could change outfits twice a day and still not repeat herself for almost two years.
She was so busy buying them that she had no time to wear them. He wondered if she might have a psychological problem. If so, he might need to apply the brakes to her habit at some point.

He took the plunge one night after dinner….
"I wish you would consider cutting back a little on the way you buy clothes," he said.

"It's not a question of money. I'm not talking about that. I have no objection to your buying what you need, and it makes me happy to see you looking so pretty, but do you really need so many expensive dresses?"

His wife lowered her gaze and thought about this for a time. Then she looked at him and said…

"You're right, of course. I don't need so many dresses. I know that. But, even though I know it, I can't help myself. When I see a beautiful dress, I have to buy it. Whether I need it, or whether I have too many, is beside the point. I just can't stop myself."

She promised to try to hold back….

"If I keep on going this way, the whole house is going to fill up with my clothes before too long."

And so she locked herself inside for a week, and managed to stay away from clothing stores. This was a time of great suffering for her. She felt as if she were walking on the surface of a planet with little air. She spent every day in her room full of clothing, taking down one piece after another to gaze at it. She would caress the material, inhale its fragrance, slip the clothes on, and look at herself in the mirror. But the more she looked the more she wanted something new. The desire for new clothing became unbearable. She simply couldn't stand it.

She did, however, love her husband deeply. And she respected him. She knew that he was right. She called one of her favorite boutiques and asked the proprietor if she might be allowed to return a coat and dress that she had bought ten days earlier but had never worn. "Certainly, Madam," she was told. She was one of the store's best customers; they could do that much for her. She put the coat and dress in her blue Renault Cinque and drove to the fashionable Aoyama district. There she returned the clothes and received a credit. She hurried back to her car, trying not to look at anything else, then drove straight home. She had a certain feeling of lightness at having returned the clothes. Yes, she told herself, it was true: I did not need those things. I have enough coats and dresses to last the rest of my life. But, as she waited for a red light to change, the coat and dress were all she could think about. Colours, cut, and texture: she remembered them in vivid detail. She could picture them as clearly as if they were in front of her. A film of sweat broke out on her forehead. With her forearms pressed against the steering wheel, she drew in a long, deep breath and closed her eyes. At the very moment that she opened them again, she saw the light change to green. Instinctively, she stepped down on the accelerator.

A large truck that was trying to make it across the intersection on a yellow light slammed into the side of her Renault at full speed. She never felt a thing.

Tony Takitani was left with a roomful of size-2 dresses and a hundred and twelve pairs of shoes. He had no idea what to do with them. He was not going to keep all his wife's clothes for the rest of his life, so he called a dealer and agreed to sell the hats and accessories for the first price the man offered. Stockings and under-things he bunched together and burned in the garden incinerator. There were simply too many dresses and shoes to deal with, so he left them where they were. After the funeral, he shut himself in the walk-in closet, and spent the day staring at the rows of clothes.

Ten days later, Tony Takitani put an ad in the newspaper for a female assistant, dress size 2, height approximately five feet three, shoe size 6, good pay, favourable working conditions. Because the salary he quoted was abnormally high, thirteen women showed up at his studio in Minami-Aoyama to be interviewed. Five of them were obviously lying about their dress size. From the remaining eight, he chose the one whose build was closest to his wife's, a woman in her mid-twenties with an unremarkable face. She wore a plain white blouse and a tight blue skirt. Her clothes and shoes were neat and clean but worn.

Tony Takitani told the woman…

"The work itself is not very difficult. You just come to the office every day from nine to five, answer the telephone, deliver illustrations, pick up materials for me, make copies - that sort of thing. There is only one condition attached. I've recently lost my wife, and I have a huge amount of her clothing at home. Most of what she left is new or almost new.
I would like you to wear her things as a kind of uniform while you work here. I know this must sound strange to you but, believe me, I have no ulterior motive. It's just to give me time to get used to the idea that my wife is gone. If you are nearby wearing her clothing, I'm pretty sure, it will finally come home to me that she is dead."

Biting her lip, the young woman considered the proposal. It was, as he said, a strange request - so strange, in fact, that she could not fully comprehend it. She understood the part about his wife's having died. And she understood the part about the wife's having left behind a lot of clothing. But she could not quite grasp why she should have to work in the wife's clothes. Normally, she would have had to assume that there was more to it than met the eye. But, she thought, this man did not seem to be a bad person. You had only to listen to the way he talked to know that. Maybe the loss of his wife had done something to his mind, but he didn't look like the type of man who would let that kind of thing cause him to harm another person. And, in any case, she needed work. She had been looking for a job for a very long time, her unemployment insurance was about to run out, and she would probably never find a job that paid as well as this one did.

"I think I understand," she said.

"And I think I can do what you are asking me to do. But, first, I wonder if you can show me the clothes I will have to wear. I had better check to see if they really are my size."

"Of course," Tony Takitani said

And he took the woman to his house and showed her the room. She had never seen so many dresses gathered together in a single place except in a department store. Each dress was obviously expensive and of high quality. The taste, too, was flawless. The sight was almost blinding. The woman could hardly catch her breath. Her heart started pounding. It felt like sexual arousal, she realized.

Tony Takitani left the woman alone in the room. She pulled herself together and tried on a few of the dresses. She tried on some shoes as well. Everything fit as though it had been made for her. She looked at one dress after another. She ran her fingertips over the material and breathed in the fragrance. Hundreds of beautiful dresses were hanging there in rows. Before long, tears welled up in her eyes and began to pour out of her. There was no way she could hold them back. Her body swathed in a dress of the woman who had died, she stood utterly still, sobbing, struggling to keep the sound from escaping her throat. Soon Tony Takitani came to see how she was doing.

"Why are you crying?" he asked.

"I don't know," she said, shaking her head.

"I've never seen so many beautiful dresses before. I think it must have upset me. I'm sorry." She dried her tears with a handkerchief.

"If it's all right with you, I'd like to have you start at the office tomorrow,"
Tony said in a businesslike manner.

"Pick out a week's worth of dresses and shoes and take them home with you."

The woman devoted a lot of time to choosing six days' worth of dresses. Then she chose shoes to match. She packed everything into a suitcase.

"Take a coat too. You don't want to be cold", Tony Takitani said.

She chose a warm-looking gray cashmere coat. It was so light that it could have been made of feathers. She had never held such a lightweight coat in her life.

When the woman was gone, Tony Takitani went back into his wife's closet, shut the door, and let his eyes wander vacantly over her dresses. He could not understand why the woman had cried when she saw them. To him, they looked like shadows that his wife had left behind. Size-2 shadows of his wife hung there in long rows, layer upon layer, as if someone had gathered and hung up samples of the infinite possibilities (or at least the theoretically infinite possibilities) implied in the existence of a human being.

These dresses had once clung to his wife's body, which had endowed them with the warm breath of life and made them move. Now, however, what hung before him were mere scruffy shadows, cut off from the roots of life and steadily withering away, devoid of any meaning whatsoever. Their rich colours danced in space like pollen rising from flowers, lodging in his eyes and ears and nostrils. The frills and buttons and lace and epaulets and pockets and belts sucked greedily at the room's air, thinning it out until he could hardly breathe. Liberal numbers of mothballs gave off a smell that might as well have been the sound of a million tiny winged insects. He hated these dresses now, it suddenly occurred to him. Slumping against the wall, he folded his arms and closed his eyes. Loneliness seeped into him once again, like a lukewarm broth. It's all over now, he told himself. No matter what I do, it's over.

He called the woman and told her to forget about the job.

“There was no longer any work for you to do”, he said, apologizing.

"But how can that be?" the woman asked, stunned.

"I'm sorry, but the situation has changed," he said.

"You can have the clothes and shoes you took home, and the suitcase, too. I just want you to forget that this ever happened, and please don't tell anyone about it."

The woman could make nothing of this, and the more she pressed for answers the more pointless it seemed.

"I see," she said finally, and hung up.

For a few minutes, she felt angry at Tony Takitani. But soon she came to feel that things had probably worked out for the best. The whole business had been peculiar from the beginning. She was sorry to have lost the job but she figured she would manage somehow or other.

She unpacked the dresses she had brought home from Tony Takitani's house, smoothed them out, and hung them in her wardrobe. The shoes she put into the shoe cabinet by her front door. Compared with these new arrivals, her own clothes and shoes looked horrendously shabby. She felt as if they were a completely different type of matter, fashioned of materials from another dimension. She took off the blouse and skirt she had worn to the interview, hung them up, and changed into jeans and a sweatshirt. Then she sat on the floor, drinking a cold beer. Recalling the room full of clothes she had seen at Tony Takitani's house, she heaved a sigh. So many beautiful dresses, she thought. And that "closet": it was bigger than my whole apartment. Imagine the time and money that must have gone into buying all those clothes! And now the woman who did it is dead. I wonder what it must feel like to die and leave so many beautiful dresses behind.

The woman's friends were well aware that she was poor, so they were amazed to see her wearing a new dress every time they got together – each one a sophisticated, expensive brand.

"Where did you ever get a dress like that?" they would ask her.

"I promised not to tell," she would say, shaking her head.

"Besides, even if I told you, you wouldn't believe me."

In the end, Tony Takitani had another used-clothing dealer take away everything that his wife had left behind. The dealer gave Tony less than a twentieth of what he had paid for the clothes, but that didn't matter to him. He would have let them go for nothing, so long as they were going to a place where he would never see them again.

Once in a while, Tony would go to the empty room and stay there for an hour or two, doing nothing in particular, just letting his mind go blank. He would sit on the floor and stare at the bare walls, at the shadows of his dead wife's shadows. But, as the months went by, he lost the ability to recall the things that had been in the room. The memory of their colors and smells faded away almost before he knew it was gone. Even the vivid emotions he had once cherished fell back, as if retreating from the province of his mind. Like a mist in the breeze, his memories changed shape, and with each change they grew fainter. Each memory was now the shadow of a shadow of a shadow. The only thing that remained tangible to him was the sense of absence.

Sometimes he could barely recall his wife's face. What he did recall, though, was the woman, a total stranger, shedding tears in the room at the sight of the dresses that his wife had left behind. He recalled her unremarkable face and her worn-out patent-leather shoes. Long after he had forgotten all kinds of things, including the woman's name, her image remained strangely unforgettable.

Two years after Tony Takitani's wife died, his father died of liver cancer.
Shozaburo Takitani suffered little, and his time in the hospital was short. He died almost as if falling asleep. In that sense, he lived a charmed life to the end. Aside from a little cash and some stock certificates, Shozaburo left nothing that could be called property. There was only his instrument, and a gigantic collection of old jazz records. Tony Takitani left the records in the boxes supplied by the moving company and stacked them up on the floor of the empty room. Because they smelled of mold, he had to open the windows in the room at regular intervals to air it out. Otherwise, he never set foot in the place.

A year went by this way, but having the boxes of records in the house began to bother him more and more. Often, the mere thought of them sitting in there made him feel that he was suffocating. Sometimes, too, he would wake in the middle of the night and be unable to get back to sleep. His memories had grown indistinct, but they were still there, where they had always been, with all the weight that memories can have.

Tony Takitani called a record dealer and had him make an offer for the collection. Because it contained many valuable disks that were long out of print, he received a remarkably high payment - enough to buy a small car. To him, however, the money meant nothing.

Once the records had disappeared from his house, Tony Takitani was really alone.

By: Haruki Murakami


Melayu Sarawak/Brunei di mata Raja Brooke

Ketika Brooke tiba di Sarawak,Brunei (pada ketika itu Sarawak masih lagi sebahagian daripada Brunei), Brooke telah membuat catatan mengenai kaum melayu setempat.

Masyarakat Melayu Sarawak adalah mesyarakat persisir. Mereka mendiami di sepanjang sungai dan laut Sarawak. Ramai penulis menyatakan istilah Melayu yang digunakan di Sarawak adalah longgar. Mereka seperti Abang Yusuf Puteh,Harrisson dan King menyatakan istilah masuk melayu, yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan dan perluasan agama Islam di Sarawak. Orang Arab, keturunan Cina, melayu Kalimantan, Boyan, jawa juga dikatakan melayu setelah mereka memeluk agama Islam dan mengamalkan bahasa melayu dan adat resam melayu.

Menurut Pringle (1870) sebelum kedatangan Brooke istilah melayu tidak wujud. Apa yang ada adalah penduduk Sarawak mengenali diri mereka berdasarkan kawasan atau nama. Ia berlaku setelah Brooke memerintah untuk memudah pentadbiran.

Sebelum era Brooke, orang melayu Sarawak,Brunei telah berlayar hingga ke Singapura dan segenap pelusuk Asia Tenggara. Mereka merupakan pelayar yang handal. Pedagang melayu Sarawak membawa sagu, anatomi, emas sarang burung, damar , ikan masin, sirip yu beras dan kamur barus. Orang melayu Sarawak juga dikatakan mempunyai sikap ingin tahu yang tinggi tentang apa yang berlaku disekeliling mereka.

Brooke amat menghargai pertolongan putera-putera melayu Sarawak/Brunei ketika beliau menjejakan kaki di bumi Sarawak. Orang melayu Sarawak/Brunei juga dikatakan oleh penulis seperti Ward, Payne dan St. John sanggup berkorban taat setia kepada Sultan dan kawan sehingga mengadai nyawa.

Setelah Brooke mengambil alih Sarawak daripada Kesultanan Brunei, keupayaan pembesar-pembesar melayu Sarawak dalam menjaga kepentingan kerajaan telah memberi kesedaran kepada Brooke tentang kepentingan dan kebijaksanaan pemimpin melayu Sarawak dari segi politik. Brooke juga mendapati penasihat pemimpin melayu Sarawak bijak dan menguntungkan. Brooke juga sedar kebanyakan pemimpin melayu Sarawak mempunyai sifat hati-hati dalam percakapan yang tidak mahu memalukan orang lain “tact” dan kebijaksanaan. Ini membuatkan Brooke sentiasa bersikap berhati-hati kepada kaum Melayu Sarawak.

Penulis yang bernama Everett menyatakan Brooke sentiasa mempunyai perasaan curiga kepada orang melayu Sarawak terutama pedagang hingga tidak membenarkan mereka tinggal berdekatan dengan kaum lain. Sifat curiga Brooke ini menyebabkan orang melayu Sarawak tidak disuruh bercita-cita tinggi.

Pringle(1877) dalam bukunya menyatakan dari kaca mata Brooke “Ambition, ability and high rank in a Malay chief were………the essential attributes of a trouble maker”

Dipetik berdasarkan tulisan asal Awg Hasmadi Awg mois; Masalah Masyarakat Melayu Sarawak dan pembangunan, Himpunan kertas Seminar Budaya Melayu Sarawak II, 1998


Saturday 13 September 2008

Sayembara puisi

Puisi merujuk kepada susunan atau aturan ayat yang menyampaikan maksud dalam bentuk yang indah. Puisi adalah satu cabang kesenian. Puisi boleh berdiri secara sendiri, dan boleh juga disulam dalam seni lain seperti drama mahupun lirik lagu.

Bila puisi digabungkan dengan muzik, ianya menjadi suatu seni yang indah. Puisi itu saja sudah pun indah. Maka jika digandingkan dengan muzik, ianya akan memberi penyerapan yang mendalam kepada si pembaca atau pendengar untuk memahami setiap bait-bait puisi tersebut. Boleh dikatakan puisi itu adalah jasad dan muzik itu adalah rohnya.

Lagu puisi jika dihayati dengan baik dapat memberi kesan emosi kepada si pendengarnya. Kesan emosi yang dimaksudkan ada lah seperti ketenangan, kecintaan, kerinduan, dan sebagainya. Alunan muzik yang mengiringi puisi memberikan perasaan terhadap puisi tersebut.

Di bawah adalah beberapa lagu puisi yang indah dan sedap di dengar.

Nur Nilam Sari - M. Nasir

Bonda - M Nasir

Kekasih - Kopratasa

Permata Untuk Isteri - Kopratasa

Dabus Rohani - _Kopratasa_

Tetamu Senja - Kopratasa

Setelah Hujan Turun - Kopratasa

Kerana Kau Kekasih - Kopratasa

Masihkah Kau Ingat? - Kopratasa

Senandung Untuk zUBAIDAH - kOPRATASA

Mencari Cinta Yang Hilang - Kopratasa

Sesetia Malam Pada Siang - Kopratasa

Berkolek bersajak - Kopratasa

Bimbang - Kopratasa

Akhir Disember - Kopratasa


Merdeka kita kali ini

merdeka kita kali ini
menjulang semangat lebih tinggi
mengibarkan panji-panji dari hati
ibu pertiwimenyuburkan ilmu tinggi
menjadi bestaribersama denyut nadi
mencari ertimeniti ke hujung kapilariini hati dan budi
kehidupan restu Ilahi
pesan datuk nenek
usah gemar merengek
berbicara titik bengik
amalan jiwa yang renek
merdeka kita kali ini
bersama inteligensi berisi
ilmu sains dan teknologi
jangan ada yang tak peri
kerana itulah tuntutan Ilahi
kita redah hutan terbentang
kita gagahi gunung-ganang
kita usaha susah senang
bersama jiwa merdeka hati girang
di hujung jalan nanti
bersama kibar jalur gemilang
terbang kenyalang
menjulang nama terbilang
kitalah bangsa gemilang

Jais Sahok
Petra Jaya
21 Ogos 2008
(Disiarkan oleh Utusan Borneo di sudut Yang Indah Itu Bahasa dikendalikan oleh Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Cawangan Sarawak, pada 25 Ogos 2008)

Pesanan sepanjang zaman

Dengan secharek kertas ini dan se‑putung pensil untuk renungan sepanjang masa. Saya si‑penulis Rosli Dhobi dalam lindungan Permai. Saudara2 dan saudari2 sa‑perjuangan, saya ta' lama lagi akan meninggalkan jejak tanah tumpah darakku yang ku chintai, dan utama sekali ayah bunda yang ku kasehi dan saudara2 semua, dengan nama Allah sifat pemurah dan pengampun saya menyusun 10 jari mohon ampun dan maaf atas kesalahan saya yang telah terjadi selama ini, saga sanggup berkorban nyawa untuk memperbaiki raayat yang telah di‑ budaki oleh penjajah, saya mengaku dan terima apa2 kesalahan di dunia ini saya ta'genter saya ta'takut mati, saya terima hukuman yang telah di jatohkan di‑mahkamah.

Saya berdoa kepada Allah s. w. t. Saudara2 saudari2 di‑akhir kelak balek ke‑pengkuan Ibu‑pertiwi. Sungguh begitu saya sudah sanggup menghapuskan orang putih yang berasin dan datang‑nya tetapi saya sudah tidak ada di dunia ini nama saya tetap harum seluroh Dunia sa‑genap plusuk. Akhir kata, hey! Saudara2 Saudari2 sekalian berjuanglah jangan mundur majulah ka hadapan.

Amin ya rabbul alamin berkat do'a laillahaitlahi Muhamada rasululah. Dan saya uchapkan jutaan terima kasih kepada saudara Pa'. S. Allah sahajalah yang akan membalas budi jasa‑nya dengan penuh layanan, nasihat yang belom pernah di‑dengar oleh saya dari awal hingga akhir.

Harapan ini surat jangan sekali di‑beri sesiapa pun. Simpan baik‑bai, barangkali di‑lain masa ada guna‑nya.

Ditulis pada 1‑3‑1950

Saya yang akan meninggalkan endah ini,
R.D.

__________________________________

Al-Fatihah ke atas pewiraku, Allahyarham Rosli Dhobi.


Pertama kali permainan Golf diperjelaskan kepada rakyat Sarawak

Pada tahun 60 an masih ramai rakyat Sarawak yang tidak tahu tentang permainan Golf sehingga telah dimasukkan dalam Sarawak Gazette.

__________________________________________________________

" Golf is a form of work made expensive enough for a man to enjoy it. It is physical and mental exertion made attractive by the fact. that you have to dress for it in curiously coloured garments.

Golf is what letter carrying, ditch digging, and carpet beating would be if those three tasks had to be performed on the same hot afternoon in short pants and coloured socks by gouty looking gentlemen who require a different implement for every mood

(golf is the simplest looking game in the world when you decide to take it up, and the toughest after you leave been at it ten or twelve years. It is probably the only known game a man can play as long as a quarter of a century and then discover that it was too deep for him in the first place.

The game is played on carefully selected grass with little white balls and as many clubs as the player can afford. These little balls cost from 2/ d to 5/ d, and it is possible to support a family of ten 'people (all adults) for five months on the money represented bar the balls lost by some golfers in a single afternoon. A golf course has eighteen holes, seventeen of which are unnecessary and put in to make the game harder. A "hole" is a tin cup in the centre of a "green." A "green" is a small parcel of grass costing about 10/ d a blade and usually located between a brook and a couple of gum trees, or a lot of "unfinished excavation."

The idea is to get the golf ball from a given point into each of the eighteen cups in the fewest strokes and the greatest number of words. The ball must not be thrown, pushed or carried. It must be propelled by about X7_0 worth of curious looking implements, especially designed to provoke the owner. Each implement has a specific purpose, and ultimately some golfers get to know what that purpose is. They are exceptions.

After each hole has been completed the golfer counts his strokes. Then he subtracts six and sans, "Made that in five. That's one above par. Shall we play for drinks on the next hole, too, Ed')

After the final, or eighteenth hole, the golfer adds up his score and stops when he has reached eighty seven. He then has a shower, a pint of gin, sinks "Sweet Adeline" with six or eight other liars, and calls it the end of a perfect day"

-British Borneo Herald, September 1939-


Bila terasa rindu

apa agaknya kabar mu di sana
di sini ku sedang di belenggu rindu
beginikah rasasiksa perpisahan
sungguh anehnya hidup berasingan
hati terasa bagai tertinggal di situ
mesti berkubur dah jauh beribu batu
sesaat seperti setahun lamanya
semasa kau tiada apa yang terdaya
bila terasa rindu ku sebut nama mu
dengan harapan kau kan muncul dalam tidur
bila terasa rindu ku bayang wajahmu
dalam angan dan barulah ku terasa bagai di sembur
oh jauh sekali duduk di sini berbeza
beribu kali lagi ku selesa di sana
tak sabar menanti detik kepulangan
namun hingga itu apa yang termampu
terlintas di fikiran untuk meminggirkan saja semua pencarian di sini
tetapi ini sebahagian dari pengorbanan bekalan andainya hari sukar mencabar



Bila Terasa Rindu - Dafi




Lagu: Bila terasa rindu
Artis: Dafi

Lagu ini aku pertama kali dengar bila aku pulang ke Sarawak pada Jun 2008. Kepulangkan itu adalah yang kedua setelah kali terakhir aku pulang pada tahun 2006. Aku pulang cuma dua minggu. Apalah tempoh 2 minggu untuk ibu bapa, keluarga dan sahabat ku melepaskan ridu yang dipendam selama 2 tahun.


Bila aku rindukan Sarawak, aku akan mendengar lagu ini. Dengan mendengar lagu ini, aku memujuk diri agar bersabar menunggu kepulangan seterusnya. Adanya diriku di bumi England ini bukanlah untuk bersuka ria menikmati kebebasan hidup seperti yang orang sangkakan. Aku di sini adalah untuk mengejar cita-cita dan suatu hari nanti bila sudah berjaya mengecapinya aku akan berbakti kepada keluarga, bangsa, agama dan Sarawak yang tercinta.


Ayahanda dan bonda, keluarga dan sahabat handai yang ku cintai. Bersabarlah menunggu kepulangan ku. Perpisahan ini cuma untuk sementara waktu. Bila kerinduan menggamit hati, ingatlah memori kita bersama agar terubat hendaknya...
-Khasmady Mahidi-

Melati Sarawak...

Melati Sarawak

Novel Melati Sarawak pada dasarnya adalah sebuah kisah cinta yang tidak berakhir dengan kebahagiaan, kerana ada halangan, iaitu perbezaan ideologi dan wujudnya orang ketiga yang menguji kesetiaan dan kasih sayang antara pasangan yang bercinta.

Kandungan ceritanya bolehlah dikatakan bermula dengan watak utama, Harun yang mengunjungi majlis gendang perempuan atau majlis menjaja ‘kulit kambing kering’ yang diserikan oleh seorang gadis bernama Aminah yang mendapat jolokan Melati kerana keelokan wajah dan kemerduan suaranya selain bakatnya yang amat terserlah sebagai syeh gendang, sehingga digelar Mak Senior (mungkin sebenarnya Mak Gendang Senior - selain syeh gendang panggilan lain untuk orang seperti Aminah ialah mak gendang).

Dalam majlis itu Harun tertarik oleh lirikan Aminah/Melati dan pantun-pantun yang dijual oleh Melati dengan suara yang merdu. Akibat daripada menonton majlis itu dia yang ketika itu masih belajar dalam darjah tujuh, asyik teringat akan Melati.

Kecamuk cinta Harun semakin membara apabila suatu petang dia dan Yasin, sepupunya yang juga menjadi sahabat karibnya, melintas di depan rumah Melati dalam perjalanan bermain tenis. Dalam peristiwa itu Harun pura-pura terjatuh raket tenisnya, padahal tujuannya hendaklah mengorat supaya dapat menatap wajah Melati.

Penghalang utama cinta di antara Harun dan Melati, secara tidak langsung ialah ayahnya, Pak Noraldin, yang amat menentang permainan gendang perempuan, dan sebagai anak yang terdidik untuk mematuhi cakap orang tua, Harun terpengaruh sehingga membencikan akan gendang perempuan.

Disebabkan Harun sudah tidak lagi cekap otaknya menerima pelajaran dan hanya lulus darjah tujuh dengan susah payah maka Pak Noraldin membuat keputusan tidak disambung pelajarannya, walaupun hasrat Pak Noraldin mahu Harun menjadi doktor. Disebabkan Harun berhenti sekolah darjah tujuh, maka adiknya Nahariah yang berada di darjah lima diberhentikan juga, kerana tiada lagi orang yang hendak menemaninya semasa ke sekolah.

Setelah berhenti sekolah Harun bekerja di pejabat ayahnya, seorang kontraktor bangunan yang berjaya dan terkenal. Tiba-tiba Harun dan Melati berjumpa lagi dalam majlis gendang di Kampung Baru, di rumah kawan karibnya. Dalam majlis itu Harun bermain viola dan Yassin bermain gitar. Pertemuan ini menyebabkan cinta Harun semakin mabuk cinta terhadap Melati sehingga dia menulis surat kepada Melati menyuruh Melati berhenti menjadi syeh gendang, kerana dia mahu memimang Melati.

Melati atau Aminah tidak berhenti menjadi syeh gendang sebaliknya semakin galak bergendang ke sana ke mari, dan dalam majlis-majlis itu Aminah pula tercari-cari dan semakin rindu akan Harun.

Cinta di antara Harun dan Aminah atau Melati menjadi begitu mendalam sehingga saling teringat dan termimpi satu sama lain.

Secara kebetulan pula syarikat ayah Harun diberi kontrak membina rumah baru Pak Jalil, ayah Melati di Batu Dua Setengah. Semasa mengawasi para pekerja di sana, Harun terserempak dengan Melati berbual mesra dengan Omar di tempat sunyi. Melati dan Omar terkejut dan malu oleh peristiwa itu dan Omar menyerang Harun tapi dapat dielakkan oleh Harun. Harun memujuk Omar supaya bersama dan mereka berdamai demi menjaga nama baik Pak Jalil dan Melati serta diri mereka. Melati pula melarikan diri ke rumah kerana malu.

Peristiwa itu menyebabkan Harun patah hati dan memandanmg serong pada Melati yang selama ini dikasihinya. Dia berhasrat mahu meninggalkan bandar Kuching kerana tidak tahan dengan bahana kulit kambing kering atau gejala gendang perempuan itu. Kebetulan dalam tahun itu berlaku kebakaran di Sibu dan semua rumah kedai ranap. Harun dihantar ke Sibu oleh ayahnya untuk meninjau peluang mendapat kontrak pembinaan di Sibu dan kemungkinan membuka cawangan perniagaan di Sibu.

Harun mengambil peluang itu untuk menjauhkan diri dari Bandar Kuching dan daripada Melati. Baginya Melati yang menjadi harapannya telah terbukti bukan seorang wanita yang setia dan bersih pekertinya, kerana sanggup berdua-duaan di tempat sunyi dengan seorang lelaki yang meminatinya sebagai syeh gendang, yakni dianggap tidak baik pekertinya.

Setelah selesai tugasnya di Sibu Harun tidak terus balik ke Kuching, sebaliknya melarikan diri ke Singapura. Dari Singapura dia menulis surat memberitahu ibu bapanya hal sebenarnya, iaitu dia kecewa dalam percintaannya dengan Melayu akibat kewujudan gendang perempuan dan tidak akan pulang selagi ada amalan hudaya itu berterusan. Dia juga mencadangkan supaya Yassin dikahawinkan dengan adiknya, Nahariah, demi mengelakkan sebarang masalah dan fitnah kerana baginya menyimpang seorang perempuan muda di rumah amatlah besar bahayanya.

Pada akhir cerita, Yassin dan Nahariah menjadi suami-isteri tapi Harun pula tidak lagi berada di Singapura kerana khabarnya sudah berpindah ke Malaya.

Penerbitan

Dalam sejarah perkembangan novel di Sarawak, Melati Sarawak yang terbit dalam tahun 1932, adalah novel kedua ditulis dan diterbitkan di Sarawak. Novel pertama dalam bahasa Melayu di Malaysia mengikut S Othman Kelantan dan Hamzah Hamdani adalah Hikayat Panglima Nikosa yang terbit pada 30 Jun 1876[i].

Melati Sarawak edisi asalnya dalam tulisan Jawi diterbitkan dalam tahun 1932, dicetak oleh The Sarawak Printing Company milik Rakawi[ii] iaitu sebuah dari beberapa buah pencetak di Sarawak ketika itu.

Edarannya setelah diterbitkan adalah sekitar bandar Kuching. Ini adalah kerana kadar kenal huruf di Sarawak ketika terbitnya novel itu amatlah rendah dan rangkaian kedai buku dan kedai pengedar bahan bacaan hampir tidak ada. Kalau adapun buku-buku yang terbesar adalah buku-buku berupa kitab agama kertas kuning yang diedar oleh para mubaligh yang juga penjual kitab dan kain bergerak ke kampung-kampung.

Semasa hayatnya dalam penerbitan pertama itu sambutan tidaklah seberapa, dan banyak simpanan novel itu musnah akibat sering dilanda banjir di rumah penulisnya atau dikedai-kedai buku yang menjualnya, dan kesemuanya musnah kemudiannya semasa Perang Dunia Kedua, kecuali senaskhah yang dihadiahkan kepada Muzium Sarawak oleh penerbitnya.

Orang yang mengesan kehadiran novel itu di Muzium Sarawak ialah Tuan Haji Yusof Peter Heaton, (seorang ekspatriat yang berkahwin dan bermastautin di Sarawak, yang banyak membuat kajian tentang masyarakat tempatan). Beliau kemudiannya memberitahu Profesor Philip Lee Thomas yang pernah berkhidmat sebagai seorang pensyarah di Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang.

Novel itu kemudiannya dibawa ke pengetahuan Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka yang melakukan tranliterasi naskhah itu dari tulisan Jawi ke Rumi dan akhirnya diterbitkan oleh Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka dalam tahun 1980 menjadi sebuah novel setebal 74 mukasurat, daripada 116 mukasurat dalam edisi asalnya. Novel itu diulangcetak pada pertengahan tahun 1990-an.

Dalam tahun 1987 telah diadakan satu pementasan sebuah drama berdasarkan novel tersebut[iii], dan para pelakon terdiri daripada para pelakon dari Sarawak, serta para pelakon dari Badan Keluarga Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Kuala Lumpur, dengan Izzie Khairan sebagai pelakon utama dan jemputan khas. Pelakon kembarnya di Sarawak ialah Allahyarham Fatimah Haji Hashim seorang penyanyi yang kemudiannya merupakan pelakon pentas dan televisyen yang cukup hebat di Sarawak, yang meninggal dunia akibat kemalangan jalan raya semasa sedang dalam projek pementasan drama pentas Datu Merpati.

Projek pementasan Melati Sarawak itu yang merupakan salah sebuah projek integrasi kebangsaan antara penduduk di Sarawak dengan di Semenanjung Malaysia, telah dilaksanakan dengan cara agak unik, iaitu dengan pihak Kuala Lumpur menyediakan satu set pementasan dan pelakon sendiri dan pihak di Sarawak pula menyediakan kumpulan lengkap pelakon sendiri. Kemudiannya dua kumpulan itu dicantum dan para pelakonnya diselang-ganti di dalam pementasan di Auditorium P RTM Kuching, di Balai Budaya DBP Kuala Lumpur dan Dewan KPS Sibu. Pengarah-pengarah bersama dalam pementasan unik itu ialah Tuan Haji Othman Zainuddin dari Kuala Lumpur dan Allahyarham Esmawy Haju Husly dari Kuching. Seluruh pementasan dan tenaga produksi dan pelakon Sarawak dibiayai oleh Kerajaan Negeri Sarawak.

Latar Belakang Cerita

Dari segi latar masa, zaman diceritakan adalah sekitar September tahun 1927 sehingga Februari 1928, dan mungkin setahun dua kemudian apa kala Harun dikatakan merantau ke Malaya, dengan tidak memberi perincian lanjut.

Masyarakat dan tempat diceritakan ialah masyarakat Melayu di Kuching, dengan menyebut Kampung Hilir, Kampung Baru dan Kampung Tengah. Tempat-tempat yang menggunakan nama demikian tidak ada lagi sekarang, walau bagaimanapun ada nama-nama tempat yang masih ada sampai sekarang seperti Rambungan, Satuk, Jalan Datus, Jalan Muda Hashim dan kebun bunga (Taman Muzium) dan sebagainya.

Walaupun bandar Sibu ada disebut dalam novel ini tapi tidak pernah dipaparkan sebarang peristiwa di Sibu yang memberi sumbangan sebenar kepada perkembangan plot cerita. Pada akhir cerita bandar Singapura dijadikan latar belakang tapi peranannya tidaklah berat, sekadar untuk menunjukkan kejauhan dan perbezaan budaya sahaja.Dengan itu dalam novel ini mengandungi banyak pemerian akan keadaan, amalan, sikap dan perlakuan budaya masyarakat Melayu di kampung-kampung di Kuching.

Untuk meyakinkan pembaca betapa berbahayanya gendang perempuan, dalam novelnya pengarang banyak memerikan dengan cukup terperinci suasana majlis itu. Walau bagaimanapun pengarang nampaknya alpa kerana pemerian yang amat terperinci yang diberikan tidak pula menampakkan keadaan yang terlalu memudaratkan dari segi keruntuhan moral dalam majlis demikian. Dengan kata lain pengarang ‘terlupa’ memanfaatkan gambaran dan paparan majlis itu untuk memperkuatkan hujahnya akan kesan negatif budaya itu.

-Dipetik daripada En. Saiee Driss.-

Siapa Saiee Driss?

Mungkin ramai diantara kita yang tidak mengenali Saiee Driss. Beliau adalah seorang penulis anak jati Sarawak yang giat berkarya. Meminati dan menceburi bidang penulisan secara hobi, sambilan dan profesional. Beliau pernah menjadi guru, penterjemah kanan, editor berita radio dan Pengawal Penyiaran di RTM Sibu, dan Editor Penerbit Berita TV di Angkasapuri. Baru menamatkan kontrak beliau sebagai Editor Bicarawara di Radio24, Wisma Bernama, Kuala Lumpur. Beliau juga seorang pemenang Hadiah Sastera Perdana Malaysia, Pemenang Hadiah Sastera Kebangsaan Negeri Sarawak, dan Anugerah Penggiat Sastera Negeri Sarawak serta Anugerah Puisi GAPENA. Seorang lulusan Sarjana Muda Pengajian Melayu (UM) dengan kepujian, pernah bertugas sebagai pensyarah bebas dan penterjemah teks dari bahasa Inggeris ke Bahasa Melayu dan sebaliknya.

Beliau adalah seorang penulis anak jati Sarawak yang saya minati.

Friday 12 September 2008

11 September

11 September... Ramai orang memikirkan 11 September sebagai hari yang malang dalam sejarah dunia di mana Amerika telah di kejutkan dengan serangan pengganas yang telah mengorbankan ramai nyawa yang tidak berdosa. Namun bagi ku 11 September adalah hari bersejarah bagi diriku di mana kali pertama aku menjejakkan kaki di bumi Britain ini.

11 September 2005 adalah hari bersejarah dalam hidup ku dalam mencorak masa depan dan impian yang aku impikan selama ini untuk menjadi seorang Jurutera yang berjaya. Aku tiba di lapangan terbang antarabangsa Manchester pada pukul 5.30 petang pada hari tersebut. Disebabkan aku bukanlah dari keluarga golongan atasan, ibu bapa ku tidak mampu untuk berangkat sama mengiringiku ke United Kingdom. Segalanya atas inisiatif sendiri untuk mencari jalan bagaimana hendak ke tempat yang di tujui. Destinasi seterusnya ialah Preston, Lancashire. Di situlah letaknya universiti tempat ku menuntut ilmu.

Setelah penat terbang di awan biru melintasi 3 benua (Asia, Afrika & Eropah) selama 13 jam, pemeriksaan keselamatan di lapangan terbang Manchester yang ketat pada hari itu amatlah menyiksakan. Ini mungkin disebabkab dunia barat masih fobia daripada kisah 11 September Amerika. Setelah semuanya selesai, aku pun mengambil bagasi & keluar dari balai ketibaan.

Di balai ketibaan, aku masih terpinga-pinga seperti seorang yang dungu di dunia yang asing ini. Bahasa melayu tidak lagi dipertuturkan di sini. Saiz badan dan warna kulit jauh sekali untuk membuatkan aku berasa di tempat sendiri. Semuanya asing bagi ku. Perkara pertama yang aku lakukan ialah menelefon ibu bapa tercinta memberitahu yang aku telah selamat sampai di England. Hati risau ayah dan bonda menjadi tenang setelah mendengar suara ku dan mengetahui bahawa aku selamat sampai di England.
Destinasi saya seterusnya, Preston Lancashire. 

Masih terngiang-ngiang di telinga ku suara Tun Abdul Rahman Yaakub yang aku temui sebelum berangkat ke luar negara berpesan "Mun di sinun kelak jangan malu bertanyak. Orang putih akan nulong kita mun kita bertanyak dengan sidak. Bak kata pepatah melayu, malu bertanyak sesat jalan". Dengan berbekalkan secebis kertas yang tertulis University of Central Lancashire, Preston, aku memberanikan diri untuk bertanya kepada pegawai di lapangan terbang tersebut di mana dan bagaimanakah caranya untuk aku ke destinasi tersebut. Walaupun kebolehan ku untuk berkomunikasi dan memahami bahasa Inggeris adalah baik, namun satu pun penjelasan dari pegawai tersebut tidak ku fahami. Perkara pertama yang aku pelajari pada hari tersebut adalalah Bahasa Inggeris di Britain berbeza loghatnya (accent) mengikut tempat. Loghat yang di pertuturkan kepada ku adalah loghat Utara England (Northern accent / Manchunian accent). Setelah 3 kali pegawai tersebut menjelaskan kepada ku bagaimana hendak ke destinasi yang aku tujui, aku masih tidak faham dengan apa yang di pertuturkan. Maka aku pun mengucapkan terima kasih kepada pegawai tersebut dan mencari jalan dengan inisiatif sendiri bagaimana hendak ke destinasi tersebut.

Aku tenangkan diri dan cuba berfikir sebaik yang mungkin mecari jalan hendak ke Preston. Alhamdulillah, aku terlihat terpampang nama Preston pada skrin jadual keretapi. Maka aku pun bergegas mendapatkan tiket keretapi ke Preston. Ianya berjumlah £10.50. Dalam hati ku berkata "Iskhhh... Mahal ada jak ticket tok." Tepat pukul 6.25 petang keretapi pun bertolak ke Preston.

Ketika dalam perjalanan, aku melihat pemandangan landskap England yang indah. Biri-biri dan lembu sedang asyik mengunyah rumput yang segar menghijau dan rumah-rumah bata merah zaman Victoria menghiasi keadaan sekeliling. Cuaca pada ketika itu juga amat dingin seperti sebuah penghawa dingin yang besar di pasang untuk menyejukkan seluruh negara tersebut. Sesekali aku terbersing disebabkan oleh cuaca yang dingin. Setibanya aku di stesyen keretapi Preston, aku duduk seketika untuk mencari jalan bagaimana hendak ke Universiti. Hari telah pun gelap dan aku masih tiada hala tuju. Kebetulan hari tersebut adalah hari Ahad. Mana mungkin pejabat universiti beroperasi ketika itu. Aku juga tidak tahu di mana akan ku berteduh pada malam itu. Lantas aku pun berkata pada diri sendiri, "Aaahhh... Tido rah railway station pun jadi lah. Orang putih bukan nya kisah. Lagik pun sekda orang tauk dengan aku bah. Apa nak dimalu aku tido atas kerusi di station tok." Lalu saya membuka bagasi untuk mengeluarkan Sleeping Bag yang aku bawa dari Kuching. Aku sudah kepenatan dan bersedia untuk melelapkan mata. Keselesaan adalah perkara yang kedua bagi ku ketika itu.

Belum sempat aku merebahkan diri di atas kerusi, datang seorang petugas stesyen keretapi tersebut menyapa ku. Beliau bertanya adakah aku baru tiba di negara ini. Aku menceritakan situasi ku yang baru tiba di negara ini dan tiada tempat untuk bermalam. Beliau bimbang yang aku akan kesejukan di tengah malam kelak dan mencadangkan agar aku menginap di sebuah hotel murah berhadapan dengan stesyen tersebut. Aku berterima kasih kepada pegawai tersebut dan menyatakan bahawa aku selesa untuk bermalam di kerusi tersebut sahaja. Namun beliau tetap berkeras supaya aku menginap di hotel tersebut. Lagipun bayarannya cuma £20 semalam. Aku pun bersetuju untuk bermalam di hotel yang bernama Railway Inn berhadapan dengan stesyen tersebut. Ketibaan ku di hotel disambut dengan mesra oleh seorang pekerja hotel tersebut. Sebenarnya hotel tersebut adalah sebuah pub dan menyediakan bilik untuk penginapan juga. Setelah membayar sewa untuk malam itu, pekerja tersebut membantu aku mengangkat beg ku ke bilik.

Setelah pintu bilik di tutup, perkara pertama yang aku lakukan ialah memasak mee maggi yang aku bekal dari Kuching. Laparnya aku pada ketika itu hanya tuhan yang tahu. 2 bungkus maggi menjadi santapan mewah ku pada malam itu. Setelah kenyang, aku pun melabuhkan tirai hari yang panjang itu. Sebelum melelapkan mata, aku berdoa

"Ya Allah, Engkau lindungilah hamba mu ini. Bantulah aku dalam setiap perkara yang aku lakukan. Permudahkanlah urusan ku sepanjang di sini. Kepadamu aku memohon dan kepadamu aku berserah. Amin...."

Jika dibandingkan dengan kehidupan ku di Kuching, segalanya serba mewah. Sejak aku membuka mata melihat dunia ini kemewahan telahpun disediakan oleh orang tua ku yang penuh rasa bersyukur menerima kehadiran ku di dunia ini. Apa yang dikehendaki tersedia di hadapan mata. Hendak ke mana-mana, kereta tersedia. Hendak makan mewah dan sedap, bagi tahu sahaja, pastikan dapat ku nikmati. Katil ku yang besar dan empuk menjadi tempat melelapkan mata melabuhkan tirai hari. Dikala kesejukan, selimut cotton menjadi pemanas badan dan dikala kepanasan, penghawa dingin dan kipas angin sedia memberi khidmatnya.

Namun di sini, aku belajar erti susah. Aku mula mengenali apa itu susah dan menghargai setiap yang ada pada diriku. Nilai matawang yang tinggi membuatkan aku berfikir berkali-kali untuk menikmati santapan yang mewah.
Hidup tidak seperti di Kuching. Untuk berbelanja aku harus mencari duit poket lebih dengan melakukan pekerjaan sambilan. Katakan saja apa kerja yang telah ku lakukan. Mencuci tandas, menyapu sampah, mengelap habuk di meja pejabat, menjawab panggilan telefon, mencuci gelas, memandu kenderaan take away, mengangkat kotak yang berat dengan kudrat tulang empat kerat, memotong ikan dan sebagainya pernah aku lakukan demi menampung kehidupan di sini. Wang perbelanjaan yang di sediakan oleh ibu bapa hanya digunakan untuk tujuan pelajaran dan menampung kos sewa rumah. Multi tasking, itulah kemahiran aku yang pelajari dari kehidupan itu. Pagi aku ke universiti untuk mentelaah, tengah harinya pula aku melakukan kerja sambilan demi mendapatkan beberapa pound sterling untuk menampung santapan tengah hari merangkap sarapan pagi dan juga makan malam ku. Pada sebelah petangnya, aku kembali semula ke universiti untuk menyambung sesi pembelajaran. Sebelah malamnya aku melabuhkan punggung ke kerusi perpustakaan untuk menambah ilmu apa yang dipelajari siang tadi.
Hujung minggu adalah masa untuk bersantai. Masa terluang yang ada aku gunakan untuk berkelana di muka bumi Britain ini. Tujuannya adalah untuk menikmati pemandangan indah, menenangkan fikiran, merapatkan diri dengan alam dan si Penciptanya, dan juga belajar mengenali diri ini dengan lebih mendalam.

Aku yakin pengalaman hidup ini membuatkan diriku lebih kuat dan bersedia dalam menempuhi kehidupan hari mendatang. Insyaallah, bila berkeluarga kelak di masa hadapan akan aku kongsikan bersama anak-anak dan juga isteri tercinta pengalaman hidup ku ini. Aku mahu anak-anak ku belajar menghargai dan mensyukuri apa yang mereka dapat dalam hidup mereka. Aku mahu mereka pandai berdikari dan tidak lupa asal usul mereka.

Friend and Loyalty

I always wondering what the word "Friend" means when I was kid. I didn't know what friend originally mean.

One day, my teacher wrote the definition on the board. I remember he wrote "a long and close companion"Doesn't it sound great?.....

My father always told me that loyalty is a man's life. But I'm confused about that. In fact, I'm not sure what loyalty is. So I was planning to travel for a while. I sent letters to my friends from abroad. I wrote: "Friends, I'm sorry for running away like this. I'm not sure if this is right or wrong. But I believe in what I'm doing. I hope I'll find myself while I'm away. By that time, I should consider going back home for good."

After few months, I got a reply which said " You don't have to be sorry. There is nothing to be sorry between friends. We're proud of you and believe in what you're doing too. We'll wait till the day when you're coming home. So don't worry about being alone because we're here for you. Don't you remember what our teacher wrote on the blackboard when we were kids."

Now I understand what friend and loyalty are...


Monday 8 September 2008

Puasa

Sempena bulan Ramadhan ini ada baiknya jika aku berkongsi sedikit maklumat berkaitan dengan puasa.

Puasa secara amnya didefinisikan sebagai "menahan diri daripada makanan atau minuman untuk suatu jangkamasa yang tertentu." Amalan berpuasa bukan hanya dilakukan oleh penganut agama Islam, malah Yahudi, Kristian dan juga Hindu melakukan amalan yang sama. Cuma cara amalannya berlainan mengikut agama masing-masing. Namun, tujuan dan matlamat puasa adalah sama, iaitu mendekatkan diri dengan Pencipta.

Pada pandangan Islam, berpuasa bermaksud menahan diri daripada makan dan minum dan juga segala perkara yang boleh membatalkan puasa mulai dari terbitnya fajar hinggalah terbenamnya matahari disertakan dengan niat. Niat berpuasa adalah seperti berikut:





-nawaitu souma godhin ‘an adaa i, fardhi syahri ramadhaana haadzihis sanati lillahi ta’aalaa-

Manakala niat untuk berbuka puasa adalah seperti berikut:



-allahumma laka somtu wa bika aamantu wa ‘alaa rizqika afthartu birahmatika ya arhamarrohimin-

Maksudnya: “Ya Allah bagi Engkau aku berpuasa dan dengan Engkau beriman aku dengan rezeki Engkau aku berbuka dengan rahmat Engkau wahai yang Maha Pengasih dan Penyayang”.


Umat Islam juga dikehendaki menahan diri daripada menipu, berkata-kata yang buruk atau sia-sia, dan daripada bertengkar atau bergaduh. Ini kerana puasa merupakan medan latihan kesabaran, kejujuran dan bertolak ansur sesama sendiri. Maka secara tidak langsung, puasa juga menolong menanam sikap yang baik dan berbudi. Dan kesemuanya itu diharapkan berlanjutan ke bulan-bulan berikutnya, dan tidak hanya pada bulan puasa.



Puasa juga memberi manfaat kepada kesihatan kepada tubuh badan dan mental kita. Saya kurang arif dalam bahagian ini. Insyaallah, jika saya mendapat maklumat kaitan puasa dengan kesihatan akan saya kongsikan bersama.



Pengalaman Berpuasa di Luar Negara

Berpuasa di England bagi ku tiada bezanya dengan berpuasa di Sarawak. Cuma kelebihan berpuasa di sini adalah aku berpuasa dalam cuaca yang sejuk. Berpuasa dalam cuaca yang sejuk membuatkan aku rasa tidak dahaga. Tetapi laparnya susah juga aku nak gambarkan sebab tubuh badan ku menggunakan tenaga daripada makanan ketika sahur untuk membebaskan haba bagi memastikan suhu tubuh badan ku normal. Apabila, tenaga telah banyak habis digunakan untuk membebaskan haba, maka tubuh ku memerlukan makanan untuk proses pembebasan haba tersebut terus berlaku. Masa ini lah perut ku mula mengeluarkan bunyi-bunyian yang kurang menyenangkan. Agak sukar juga untuk ku menumpukan perhatian terhadap kerja.


Sungkei di sini dilakukan dengan sederhana sahaja. Tidaklah seperti kita di Sarawak, pelbagai juadah terdapat di pasar Ramadhan. Terpulang kepada selera kita untuk memilih apa yang hendak kita makan ketika berbuka nanti. Tapi di sini aku cuma makan apa yang ada. Cukuplah sekadar nasi dan satu lauk. Nasi dan pelbagai lauk adalah terlalu mewah bagi ku. Kalau ada pun bagus juga. Sebab aku bujang, cukuplah sekadar satu lauk saja. Masak banyak pun takut berlaku pembaziran. Kuih muih tradisional kita amat jauh sekali untuk aku nikmati di sini sebagai juadah bersungkei. Sekeping pizza ataupun biskut pun jadilah sebagai pengganti. Namun kelazatan kuih muih tradisional seperti kuih bongkol, kuih takur dan sebagainya selalu bermain di fikiran ku.



Makanan yang biasa kita lihat di pasar Ramadhan

Juadah untuk aku bersungkei